Governments undergoing lending programs by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) often scapegoat the Fund for unpopular reforms, yet we know little about their political consequences. Do governments scapegoating the IMF undermine citizens’ support for the Fund, one of the international financial institutions established in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, at the end of World War II? How do the burdens of these programs influence citizens’ support of the reform programs and their willingness to vote for their incumbent government? Does blame-shifting protect incumbent politicians from the electoral punishment of their voters?